Ethical Policies

Our journal is committed to maintaining high ethical standards in every part of the publishing process. Everyone involved—authors, editors, reviewers, and publishers—is expected to follow these basic principles: 

  1. Authorship and Contributions
  • Who Qualifies as an Author: Only people who made a real and meaningful contribution to the research (like planning, doing the study, or analyzing the results) should be listed as authors. 
  • Acknowledging Others: Anyone who helped in smaller ways should be mentioned in the acknowledgments. 

Responsibility: All listed authors must agree to submit the paper and share responsibility for the content. 

  1. Originality and Plagiarism
  • Be Original: Submitted work must be original and not copied from others. If you refer to someone else’s work, make sure you cite it properly. 
  •  Plagiarism: Plagiarism is considered a serious breach of publishing ethics. It involves using someone else’s words, ideas, images, or data without giving proper credit. This can take several forms: 

Direct plagiarism – copying text word-for-word from another source 

Self-plagiarism – reusing parts of your own previously published work without citation 

Mosaic plagiarism – blending phrases or ideas from various sources without proper attribution 

Our Approach: 
We use reliable plagiarism detection tools to screen every manuscript. If a submission shows more than 15–20% similarity (excluding references), we may ask the authors to revise it—or in some cases, reject it outright. If plagiarism is discovered after publication, we may retract the article to maintain academic integrity 

  1. Data Accuracy and Honesty

Our journal is dedicated to maintaining the highest standards of research integrity, especially concerning the accuracy and reliability of data presented in all published content. 

 Accuracy and Honesty 

Authors are responsible for ensuring that all data included in their submissions is precisely recorded and truthfully reported. The data must reflect actual observations and must not be fabricated, falsified, or intentionally misrepresented. 

 Transparency 

Research methods and analytical procedures should be clearly described in enough detail to allow reproducibility. Whenever possible, authors are encouraged to share raw data or supplementary materials to support transparency. 

Originality of Data 

All data must be the authors’ own or appropriately cited if reused. When using third-party datasets, proper permission must be obtained, and all ethical requirements must be followed. 

 Presentation of Images and Data 

Figures, tables, and images must be presented without any alterations that could mislead. If minor edits (such as brightness or contrast adjustments) are made, they should be disclosed and must not alter the interpretation of the findings. 

  1. Conflicts of Interest

A conflict of interest (COI) exists when an individual’s personal, financial, or professional relationships could influence—or appear to influence—their actions or decisions during the research and publication process. 

Maintaining transparency about potential conflicts is essential for ensuring trust, credibility, and integrity in scholarly publishing. 

Disclose Everything:  

  • Authors should disclose any funding, affiliations, or personal relationships that may affect how the research is perceived. 
  • Reviewers must inform the editorial team if they have a conflict that could compromise their ability to review the manuscript objectively. 
  • Editors are expected to recuse themselves from handling papers where a conflict exists, such as personal or institutional ties to the authors. 

Funding Transparency: All financial support for the work should be clearly mentioned. 

Our Policy: 

  • All submissions must include a clear conflict of interest statement, even if the authors declare none. 
  • Undisclosed conflicts discovered after publication may result in a correction, editorial expression of concern, or retraction depending on the severity. 

Examples of Conflicts of Interest: 

  • Financial ties to companies that may benefit from the published findings 
  • Patent ownership related to the research 
  • Employment, consultancy, or advisory roles with relevant stakeholders 
  • Personal or academic relationships that may affect objectivity 
  1. Peer Review Process

At Tresearch publications, we are dedicated to ensuring the prompt evaluation and publication of fully accepted papers. To maintain high-quality publications, every submission goes through a thorough review process. Here are the key features of our peer review process: 

  • Simultaneous submission of the same manuscript to multiple journals is not allowed. 
  • Manuscripts that are outside the scope of the journal will not be considered for review. 
  • Each paper is reviewed by at least two experts selected by the editorial board. 
  • Editors can request additional reviews if necessary, and authors will be informed if further reviews are required. 
  • Publication decisions are made by the Editors-in-Chief based on the reviewers' reports. Authors will be promptly notified if their paper is not accepted. 
  • All submitted manuscripts are treated as confidential documents. We expect the Board of Reviewing Editors and reviewers to treat them as such as well. 
  • Editors and reviewers must disclose any conflicts of interest that may affect an unbiased evaluation, such as direct competition or collaboration with the authors. They must also withdraw from reviewing cases where these conflicts exist. 
  • Information gained through peer review must not be used for competitive advantage. 
  • Confidential: Our peer review process is confidential, and reviewers' identities are not disclosed. 
  1. Research Ethics
  • Follow Ethical Rules: Research involving human participants, animals, or sensitive data must comply with recognized ethical standards. Authors must ensure that the study has been reviewed and approved by an appropriate ethics committee or institutional review board before any data collection begins. The name of the approving committee and the approval number (if available) should be clearly mentioned in the manuscript. 
  • Get Consent: If people took part in the study, authors must get their informed consent. 
  1. Copyright 

Authors keep the rights to their work unless a different agreement is made. By submitting to the journal, they give us permission to publish and share the article. 

Our Policy: 
We publish all articles under an open-access license, usually Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). This means anyone can use and share the work, as long as they credit the authors properly. 

If the article includes any material from other sources—like charts, images, or tables—authors must clearly show where it came from and get permission if needed. 

  1. Article Withdrawal

We understand that authors may occasionally need to withdraw their work. Whether before or after publication, all withdrawals are handled with openness and care. 

  • Before Publication: 
    Authors can withdraw their manuscript if they have a valid reason. However, withdrawing an article without justification—especially after it has been accepted—may be considered unethical and could lead to restrictions on future submissions. 
  • After Publication (Retraction or Removal): 
    In rare cases, an article may need to be retracted or removed. This can happen if there are serious issues such as plagiarism, duplicate submission, ethical violations, or legal concerns. When this occurs, a formal retraction notice will be published to maintain transparency and protect the integrity of the academic record. 

  9. Dealing with Misconduct and Post Corrections

  • Misconduct Handling: 

The journal takes all forms of research and publication misconduct seriously and is committed to maintaining the integrity of the scholarly record. Allegations involving unethical practices—such as plagiarism, manipulation or fabrication of data, duplicate submission, improper authorship, or violations of ethical research conduct—are handled with thoroughness, fairness, and confidentiality. 

Upon receiving a complaint or identifying a potential breach of ethics, the editorial team initiates a preliminary assessment to determine the validity of the concern. If the suspicion is substantiated, a formal investigation is conducted, which may involve communication with the authors, reviewers, affiliated institutions, or funding bodies as appropriate. 

The process is guided by the principles set forth by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), and actions are taken in proportion to the severity of the misconduct. Possible outcomes include: 

  • Requesting clarification or correction from the authors 
  • Publishing an erratum, correction, or editorial note 
  • Retraction of the article in cases where the integrity of the work is compromised 
  • Rejection of the manuscript or withdrawal from the publication pipeline 
  • Banning future submissions from authors involved in serious misconduct 

All decisions are documented, and affected parties are notified in writing. Our aim is to preserve transparency and uphold the standards of responsible publishing. 

  • Corrections in Published Articles: If a published paper has serious issues, the journal may issue a correction or retraction. 

We are committed to maintaining the accuracy and integrity of the research we publish. If mistakes are identified after an article is published, appropriate corrections are made to keep the academic record reliable. 

Types of Corrections: 

  • Erratum: Issued when the journal is responsible for the mistake (e.g., a typographical or formatting error). 
  • Corrigendum: Published when the authors identify and correct an error in their own work. 
  • Addendum: Provides important information that was not available at the time of publication. 
  • Retraction: Used in serious cases where the article’s findings are no longer trustworthy due to issues such as data manipulation, plagiarism, or ethical breaches. 

Our Policy: 
All corrections are published separately and clearly linked to the original article. For minor issues that do not affect the research’s integrity (such as small typographical errors), a note may be added to the article’s metadata without issuing a full correction notice. 

     10. Publication and Editorial Practices

  • Independent Decisions: The journal maintains complete editorial independence to safeguard the integrity and objectivity of the publication process. Decisions regarding the acceptance, revision, or rejection of manuscripts are made exclusively by the editorial board, with no external influence from publishers, sponsors, advertisers, or affiliated institutions. 
  • Treat Everyone Fairly: Each manuscript is assessed based on its scholarly value, including the originality of the research, the soundness of the methodology, the clarity of presentation, and the relevance to the journal’s scope and readership. The editorial team ensures that personal, financial, or political interests do not interfere with the editorial workflow or decision-making process. 

To further reinforce impartiality, the journal does not permit any commercial considerations to impact the review or publication of scientific content. Editors are expected to act with fairness, confidentiality, and accountability, applying consistent standards to all submissions.