GLOBAL DATA GOVERNANCE IN DIGITAL LAW: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF EU AND GLOBAL APPROACHES TO CYBERSECURITY LEGISLATION

Abstract

Global data governance presents a critical challenge in the digital age, requiring harmonized approaches to address Cybersecurity threats while safeguarding privacy and innovation. This study offers a comparative analysis of the European Union’s legal frameworks, including the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the Network and Information Security (NIS) Directive, against global Cybersecurity legislation, highlighting disparities in policy implementation, enforcement, and cross-border data transfers. Through key case law, such as Schrems II, and international perspectives, the paper identifies gaps in global cooperation and proposes actionable solutions to align Cybersecurity governance with technological advancements. By evaluating best practices and emerging technologies like AI, the research underscores the necessity of fostering multilateral agreements to enhance digital trust and resilience. This analysis contributes to the discourse on creating a unified, equitable, and future-ready global data governance framework.