S M Nazmuz Sakib Orthogonal Control Theory(SOCT): Application in Biomechanics, Physiotherapyand Rehabilitation

Authors

  • Azza Fthelrhman Abdelhalim Mustafa Teaching Assistant, Nursing Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Gezira Author
  • Md. Sabbir Ahmed Student of BSc in Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh Author
  • Ibne Mohammad Shakhawat Hossain Institute of Medical Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh Author
  • Md Shariful islam Associate Professor, Institute of Medical Technology, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh Author
  • Sabbir Shikdar Associate Professor, Institute of Medical Technology, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh Author
  • Dr. Md. Ruhul Amin, PT Eugene Braunwald Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, USA Author
  • Dr. Gaurav Rao Eugene Braunwald Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, USA Author
  • Dr. Gaurav Rao Associate Professor, Department of B.Ed./M.Ed., Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand, University, Bareilly, India Author
  • Ronald C Kessler McNeil Family Professor of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, USA Author
  • MD. APPLE SARKER Student of BSc in Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh Author

Keywords:

Sakib Orthogonal Control Theory, SOCT, biomechanics, rehabilitation, physiotherapy, co-contraction, neuromuscular alignment, mathematical modeling, clinical applications

Abstract

This comprehensive review paper explores the clinical applications of the S M Nazmuz Sakib Orthogonal Control Theory (SOCT) in physiotherapy and rehabilitation sciences. SOCT provides a novel mathematical framework for analyzing human movement through three fundamental pillars: the Tendon-Induced Metric (TIM), Activation Pythagoras for Co-Contraction (APC), and Power-Activation-Excursion (PACE) inequality. We examine how this theory enables precise quantification of movement efficiency, co-contraction, and neuromuscular alignment in various clinical populations. Through detailed mathematical analysis and clinical case studies, we
demonstrate SOCT’s applications in stroke rehabilitation, cerebral palsy management, sports injury recovery, and geriatric mobility enhancement. The theory offers transformative potential for personalized rehabilitation protocols, objective assessment metrics, and biofeedback systems. We also discuss integration with emerging technologies such as wearable sensors and machine learning, along with future research directions for clinical validation and implementation.

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Published

2025-10-06

Issue

Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): Volume 1 issue 1 year 2025

Section

Articles